How to Say ‘Four’ in Japanese: Speak like local

• 四角 (shikaku): “Square,” referring to a shape with four sides.
• 四季 (shiki): “Four seasons,” which is a significant concept in Japanese culture.
• 四方 (shihou): “All directions,” often used in expressions about travels or exploration.

Understanding the kanji 四 is essential for recognizing numerical references in Japanese language and literature, as it frequently appears in various forms and phrases.

Does “Four” Work in Japanese?

The English word “four” is generally understood in Japan, especially among younger generations or those familiar with Western culture. However, its recognition might be less universal among older individuals or in more traditional contexts. A 5-point scale rates its comprehension as:

• Rating: 4 – Generally understood (60-80% of people)

If clarity is crucial, using the Japanese term 四 (shi) or よん (yon) is recommended. While “four” may be understood in certain contexts, “shi” or “yon” ensures effective communication.

The Cultural Significance of Four in Japan

The number four holds a unique place in Japanese culture, often seen as unlucky because of its association with death. This belief can influence various aspects of life, from architecture to gift-giving.

Four as an Unlucky Number

In many buildings, you may notice that the fourth floor is omitted, and elevators often skip the number four altogether. This superstition reflects the deep-rooted belief in the unlucky nature of the number four, making it a significant cultural consideration in Japan.

Four in Japanese Folklore and Symbolism

In Japanese folklore, the number four is often associated with the concept of impermanence and the cycle of life and death. The duality of four as both a quantity and a symbol of death creates a rich tapestry of meanings in cultural narratives.

Despite its negative connotations, the number four can also represent stability and balance, particularly in the context of the four cardinal directions or the four seasons, which are celebrated in various festivals and traditions throughout Japan.

Differences Between Four in Japan and Overseas

Yes, there can be subtle differences in how “four” is perceived in Japan versus Western cultures. In Japan, “shi” (四) is often laden with negative symbolism, while in many Western cultures, the number four is generally neutral and can even be considered lucky in some contexts (like four-leaf clovers). Understanding these cultural nuances can help avoid misunderstandings, especially when discussing numbers in specific settings.

Practical Applications of “Four” in Japanese

Learning how “four” is used in Japanese can help you navigate conversations, understand idioms, and recognize its presence in Japanese culture.

Talking About Four in Daily Conversation

Here are some examples of how “shi” or “yon” is used in everyday conversation:

• 四つあります (Yottsu arimasu): “There are four (things).”
• 四人で行きましょう (Yonin de ikimashou): “Let’s go with four people.”

Four-Related Idioms or Expressions

While there are relatively few specific idioms involving “shi,” the number is often associated with themes of stability and balance. Here are some expressions that incorporate or symbolize four:

• 四苦八苦 (shiku hachiku): “Four sufferings and eight sufferings,” a phrase referring to the struggles of life.
• 四方八方 (shihou happou): “All directions,” symbolizing comprehensive understanding or approach.
• 四季折々 (shiki oriori): “The changing of the four seasons,” representing the beauty of seasonal change.

These idioms and expressions reflect the multifaceted nature of the number four in Japanese culture, often tied to themes of life, struggle, and balance. By learning these phrases, you can gain a deeper understanding of how “four” is interwoven with Japanese language and values.

Four in Japanese Cuisine or Products

The number four also appears in Japanese cuisine and products, often linked to portion sizes or traditions. Here are some examples:

• 四角いおにぎり (shikakui onigiri): Square-shaped rice balls that are often made for convenience and aesthetic appeal.
• 四つ葉のクローバー (yotsuba no kurōbā): The four-leaf clover, considered a symbol of good luck.
• 四季の味 (shiki no aji): “Taste of the four seasons,” representing seasonal delicacies celebrated in Japanese cuisine.

These examples highlight how the number four is not only numerically significant but also culturally relevant in Japanese cuisine, adding depth to culinary traditions and practices.

FAQs

Here are some frequently asked questions about the number four in Japanese culture and language.

Is Four a Popular Number in Japan?

While four is a commonly used number in Japan, it is often viewed with caution due to its associations with death. As a result, it may be avoided in certain contexts, such as in buildings or during celebrations.

How Do You Write “Four” in Japanese?

The word “four” can be written in three different scripts in Japanese: hiragana, katakana, and kanji. Each script serves different purposes depending on the context and formality. Here’s a breakdown:

• Hiragana (よん, yon):
  Hiragana is the most commonly used script for “four” in casual writing or when teaching children. It is simple and easy to read, making it ideal for everyday use.
• Katakana (ヨン, yon):
  Katakana is rarely used for “four,” but it may appear in stylistic contexts, such as advertisements, product names, or when emphasizing the word in text.
• Kanji (四, shi):
  Kanji is the most formal and traditional way to write “four.” It is often used in literature, official documents, and cultural contexts. The kanji itself conveys a sense of stability and significance.

Choosing which script to use depends on the tone, audience, and purpose of your communication. Understanding these variations can enhance both your written and spoken Japanese skills.

Conclusion

Four, or “shi” in Japanese, is more than just a number—it carries cultural significance and various meanings. By understanding its role in Japanese language and traditions, you can deepen your appreciation for this essential number and its place in Japanese society.